HUMAN ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY
Recommended Prerequisites: Biology I and Chemistry I
Grades Offered: 10 – 12
Credit: ½ - 1
SDE Course Code: 3251
MNPS Course Code: SCI 6551
Course Description:
This course is a systematic study of the human body designed for students considering a career in the health field, as well as taking an active part in their own health and wellness. Students will study the body through models, diagrams and/or comparative studies of the anatomy of other organisms. Students will study anatomical orientation; the body systems that provide protection, support, and movement; integration and regulation; transportation; absorption and excretion; and reproduction, growth, and development. This is a laboratory-oriented course involving detailed dissection and experiences related to human physiology, such as: urine analysis, blood counts, blood typing, enzyme studies and bone analysis.
Course of Study:
- Anatomical Orientation and Levels of Organization
- distinguish between anatomy and physiology
- investigate the structures of the major body systems and relate the functions
- investigate the major body cavities and the subdivisions of each cavity
- apply correct anatomical terminology when discussing the orientation of body parts and regions
- lists the survival needs of living organisms
- Relates positive and negative feedback mechanisms to the maintenance of homeostasis within the body
- lists the hierarchy of structural organization form the molecular level through the organism level
- identifies the major cell and tissue groups
- Protection, Support, and Movement
o identify the components of the integumentary system and explain the physiological mechanisms that make the functions of this system possible
o identify the bones and their parts that make up the skeletal system, and relate the physiological mechanisms that help the skeletal system fulfill its functions
o identify the various kinds of muscles, major muscles of the body, and explain the physiology of muscle contraction
- Integration and Regulation
o compare and contrast the anatomy and physiology of the central and peripheral nervous systems
o describe the structure, function, and developmental aspects of neurons and their supporting glial cells
o investigate the physiology of electrochemical impulses and neural integration
o investigate organs utilized by the body for perception of external stimuli and to the maintenance of homeostasis
o identify the major organs of the endocrine system and demonstrate the relation of each structure to hormonal regulation of homeostasis
o identify the molecular and cellular components of the blood
o describe the functions of the blood within the human body
o demonstrate an understanding of the anatomy of the heart and the flow of blood through the heart
o elucidate the biochemical and physiological nature of the heart’s functions
o describe the structure of blood vessels and identify the major arteries and veins
o describe the physiological basis of circulation and blood pressure
o demonstrate the role of the cardiovascular system in maintaining homeostasis
o identify the major organs of the lymphatic system
o demonstrate an understanding of the immune response
· Absorption and Excretion
o identify the major organs of the digestive system.
o observe the gross anatomy of each organ within the digestive and urinary systems.
o describe mechanisms of digestion and absorption within the body.
o relate how nutrition, metabolism, and body temperature are interrelated.
o explain the role of the urinary system in body waste management.
o examine the physiological basis for the elimination of water and salts through the skin and lungs.
- Reproduction, Growth, and Development
o identify the structures and related functions of the male and female reproductive systems
o demonstrate an understanding of the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle
o indicate the duration and relate the major events at each stage of gestation
o investigate congenital disorders; their physiological, biochemical, hormonal, and chromosomal causes
Standards:
MNPS standards for Anatomy and Physiology can be accessed at:
http://www.mnps.org/PageFactory.aspx?PageID=3353
State standards can be found at:
http://www.state.tn.us/education/ci/cistandards2001/sci/ciscianatomyphysio.htm
Textbook: Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology; McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Text Online Learning Center: http://www.mhhe.com/shier
Recommended/Required Resources:
- Laboratory facility with access to a source of water and electricity for lab equipment: required
- Microscopes; one per two students; required
- Slides of tissues (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous) and skin; required
- Flexible camera apparatus (flex cam) and video monitor; recommended
- Models (torsos with removable organs, torsos with muscles, skin, long bone, skeleton, synovial joints, neuron, brain, sensory organs, heart, stomach and accessory digestive organs, lungs, kidneys and bladder); required
- Dissection equipment/tools and specimens (mammalian organism – rat, cat, fetal pig; and organs - brain, eye, heart); required
- Medical testing equipment (stethoscopes, sphygmomanometers, computer-based EKG probes, rubber percussion hammers, blood typing kits, urine analysis kits, etc); recommended
- Access to computers that are web-accessible; recommended
- Various types of lab equipment and apparatus for inquiry investigations; required